Intervalinio didelio intensyvumo treniruočių metodo taikymo veiksmingumas didinant baidarininkų aerobinį metabolizmą

Abstract

Interval training method is used as one of the means of training methods among various other methods, applied for athletes’ training in different sports. H. Reindel, H. Roskamm (1959) were the first having put a highlight on this training method in a scientific literature. In 1960, I. Astrand et al. provided detailed studies on the impact of interval training method on O2 intake (VO2), pulse rate (PR), blood lactate (La) concentration and other physiological processes in athletes’ body when performing different workouts bearing the interval character. H. Reindell et al. (1962) used to analyse the physiological essence of interval workouts and grounded the practical use of them in developing athletes’ aerobic capacity, i.e., ability of muscles to use O2, as well as functional capacity of blood respiratory system. Lately, increased attention was paid to interval workouts when combining intense work of short-term with that of low intensity. However, there is a shortage of investigations dealing with the body changes caused by interval workouts, applied in the process of elite kayak rowers. It is of paramount importance to identify the change of oxygen intake intensity in kayak rowers’ working muscles, as well as the differences of oxygenation in the workouts of different duration and intensity. The aim of the work was to explore and compare the effect of high intensity interval and repeated training workouts on muscles’ aerobic metabolism in elite kayak rowers. Organization and methods of the research. Two elite kayak rowers (aged 29 and 30) participated in the research. After 10 min warming-up, the athletes performed complex exercise, which consisted of repeated 6 min duration work of 80% intensity at second ventilation threshold (2VAT), which was followed by 6 min sitting at rest, and later on they carried out the workout of 6 min duration by the above mentioned intensity. Afterwards, after 6 min rest, they performed the interval workout of 6 min duration with 10 s intense work by 300 W power at the limits of critical intensity level (CIL) when VO2max is reached. Having performed this high intensity workout, the athletes had 30 s rest filled with light work, and after they repeated the workout overcoming the distance of high intensity. After a passive rest of 6 min, the athletes used to twice repeat the work at the same afore indicated intensity. Our research proved it to be effective in elite kayak rowers’ training an application of interval workouts with short (10–20 s) high intensity distances, aimed at the development of muscles aerobic metabolism. Under such conditions, muscles perform great mechanic work without acidifying body. It was found that general O2 consumption of kayak rowers during interval workouts is less comparing to the same work of the same duration by less intensity. VCO2 in exhaled air did not reach VO2 level in any case of the workouts. These indices were greater when performing 6 min duration distances evenly than using interval method. It appears to be purposeful to further investigate effectiveness of interval workouts aiming at expanding the possibilities in elite kayak rowers’ training. Keywords: kayak rowers, aerobic metabolism, muscles oxygenation, interval method. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15823/sm.2018.7