Abstract
Vehicle density and technological development increase the need for road and pedestrian safety systems. Identifying problems and addressing them through the development of systems to reduce the number of accidents and loss of life is imperative. This paper proposes the analysis and management of dangerous situations, with the help of systems and modules designed in this direction. The approach and classification of situations that can cause accidents is another feature analyzed in this paper, including detecting elements of a psychosomatic nature: analysis and detection of the conditions a driver goes through, pedestrian analysis, and maintaining a preventive approach, all of which are embedded in a modular architecture. The versatility and usefulness of such a system come through its ability to adapt to context and the ability to communicate with traffic safety systems such as V2V (vehicle-to-vehicle), V2I (vehicle-to-infrastructure), V2X (vehicle-to-everything), and VLC (visible light communication). All these elements are found in the operation of the system and its ability to become a portable device dedicated to road safety based on (radio frequency) RF-VLC (visible light communication).
Highlights
According to World Health Organization reports, we can see that a leading cause of death is determined by road accidents, which lead to more than 1.35 million deaths annually.These reports include the vulnerable categories found among the victims, such as pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists, and other drivers
We can say that many deaths are caused by non-compliance with safety measures and failure to wear a seat belt; between 20 and 50 million people suffer less than fatal injuries, but some of these accidents cause serious bodily injuries followed by disability for life [1,2]
Given the previous context and the usefulness of 4G and 5G communications in in-vehicle applications, we can say that the degree of complementarity between RF and VLC communications is extremely high so we can rely on a mix of technologies to obtain an ideal platform for communication between vehicles and infrastructure
Summary
According to World Health Organization reports, we can see that a leading cause of death is determined by road accidents, which lead to more than 1.35 million deaths annually. These reports include the vulnerable categories found among the victims, such as pedestrians, cyclists, motorcyclists, and other drivers. Another important conclusion is that more than 93% of deaths caused globally are in low and middle-income countries that do not automatically have adequate road infrastructure and are unable to provide the best conditions for road users, these countries contribute only 60% approximately of the total number of vehicles in the world. Current approaches are meant to reduce some of the risk factors to which
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