Abstract

Several years of neutral measurements by NASA/IBEX-Lo have yielded detailed observations of direct interstellar neutral helium (primary particles). Prior to IBEX, interstellar helium had been observed through UV backscattering, pickup ions, and directly by Ulysses-GAS. The IBEX measurements now also provide strong indications for the presence of secondary neutral helium that is thought to originate in the outer heliosheath from charge exchange. In order to model both primary and secondary particle populations and characterize them throughout the heliosphere, a detailed calculation method based on Keplerian orbits is used, and some sample results are presented. The helium velocity distribution functions throughout the heliosphere are characterized. In the inner heliosphere they exhibit an intricate structure, in particular downwind of the Sun where the helium focusing cone resides as well.

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