Abstract
A plant breeding program has been developed with chocolate cosmos (Cosmos atrosanguineus Sherff.), that is an endemic plant from Mexico. It is a perennial tuberous root plant with a peculiar chocolate fragrance in the flowers. This plant is extinct from its natural habitat, in addition this plant does not produce seed due to its self-incompatibility, so that worldwide there is only one cultivated clon from which patents have been obtained and used as garden plants in Europe. So the objective of this work was to make manual crosses between chocolate cosmos and Cosmos purpureus to produce hybrids that can be registered and commercialized in Mexico. The hybrid seeds obtained generated 50% plants with flower color character similar to the male parent while the other 50% alike to the female. For the leaf shape character, 100% of the hybrids plants presented leaves similar to the male parent. Only 15% of the hybrids presented scarce essence to chocolate. This study shows that it is possible to carry out genetic exchange between these two species, to generate a variety with the best morphological attributes of both species.
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