Interspecific hybridisation of cytoplasmic male-sterile rapeseed with Ogura cytoplasm and Brassica rapa var. pekinensis as a method to obtain male-sterile Chinese cabbage inbred lines

Michał Starzycki,Elżbieta Starzycka-Korbas,Piotr Kamiński,Małgorzata Podwyszyńska

doi:10.1007/s10681-015-1595-9

Michał Starzycki, Elżbieta Starzycka-Korbas + Show 2 more

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https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-015-1595-9

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Abstract

AbstractDuring 2011–2014, three self-compatible Chinese cabbage inbred lines (Brassica rapa, genome AA 2n = 20) were sexually hybridised with cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS Ogu-INRA) and fertile lines of rapeseed (Brassica napus var. oleifera, genome AACC 2n = 38). Interspecific F1 hybrids and their consecutive back-crosses (BCs) toward B. rapa were obtained, and their morphological and commercial characteristics, as well as their ability for generative propagation, were analysed. Cytometric and morphological analyses confirmed the interspecific character of the F1 hybrids in comparison with B. napus and B. rapa parental lines. All interspecific F1 hybrids had intermediate morphological characteristics typical of both parental components in the generative and vegetative stages. The F1 hybrids of CMS B. napus × B. rapa were sterile, as were those of fertile B. napus × B. rapa. Good seed productivity from CMS B. napus × B. rapa and consecutive back-cross 1 (BC1)–BC3 generations with Chinese cabbage as the recurrent parent was obtained. Plants of the BC1 generation of CMS B. napus × B. rapa were sterile and had highly diversified morphological characteristics, both in the vegetative and generative phases. The BC3 generation of CMS B. rapa was also sterile and more uniform than BC1, with good vigour and most of the typical Chinese cabbage agronomic traits. As a result, a collection of Chinese cabbage genotypes having the CMS trait, which is valuable for the breeding of commercial F1 hybrids, was obtained for the first time in Poland.

Highlights

The species representing the tribe Brassicae of the Brassicaceae family are of great economic importance, as they are domesticated for edible oil, vegetables, spices, forage crops and ornamental plants (Pratap and Gupta 2009)
Rapeseed (B. napus) and Chinese cabbage (B. rapa) genotypes selected for interspecific hybridisation were characterised by a high self-compatibility and a good capability for generative propagation when pollinated at the open flower stage in 2011 (Online Resource, ESM_1.pdf)
We showed that interspecific F1 hybrids and consecutive back-cross 1 (BC1)–BC3 generations had 100 % male fertile flowers only when the male sterile CPN1162 rapeseed line was the source of the Ogura-cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) trait

Summary

Introduction

The species representing the tribe Brassicae of the Brassicaceae family are of great economic importance, as they are domesticated for edible oil, vegetables, spices, forage crops and ornamental plants (Pratap and Gupta 2009). Interspecific and intergeneric hybridisation between Brassicae species makes the transferring of valuable resistance and quality traits of commercial interest, as well as broadening the gene pool for genetic improvement, challenging. The hybridisation in Brassica proved to be very useful for the development of cytoplasmic male-sterile (CMS) crops by transferring the radish Ogura cytoplasm to Brassica oleracea and Brassica napus (Pelletier et al 1988). With the development in 1994 of the improved CMS Ogu-INRA system in oilseed Brassica, seed companies have developed a number of hybrid varieties in Europe, Canada and Australia. This CMS sterility has been widely used to produce commercial hybrids of B. oleracea vegetables (Prakash et al 2009). Natural hybrids were found in fields where species are in physical proximity and have flowering synchrony (Anonymous 2002; Bing et al 1996; Jorgensen and Andersen 1994)

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