Abstract
This article presents a new open-end winding induction motor (OEWIM)-based dual-motor differential four-wheel drive (D4WD) for the electric vehicle (EV). Constant speed operation through cruise control is achieved using direct torque control (DTC) algorithm. The redundant vectors are used in the switching vector selection of the DTC algorithm to achieve balanced battery currents. Fault-tolerant operation (FTO) of the drive is demonstrated, where the EV will work with full torque even if one of the inverters in rear motor drive or front motor drive or both fail. The dynamic model of the proposed drive is presented. The proposed drive and FTO are verified through simulation as per the FTP-75 driving cycle. An experimental prototype of the proposed drive is developed, and the abovementioned algorithms are verified experimentally as per the FTP-75 and HFET driving cycles. Both the simulation and experimental results are presented, and these results agree with the theoretical observations. Stable operation of EV for the entire test cycle under normal operation, as well as inverter fault conditions, is demonstrated.
Highlights
E LECTRIC vehicle (EV) propulsion system helps in reducing the air and noise pollution, so the volume of electric vehicle (EV) is increasing at a rapid rate [1]–[3]
A dual-inverter feeding an open-end winding permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) (OEWPMSM) drive with two independent power sources is presented in [23]. Even though these works point at EV application of open-end winding induction motor (OEWIM) or OEWPMSM, their main focus is on drive performance improvement
These results match the simulation results. These results demonstrate the fault-tolerant operation (FTO) of proposed EV powered by OEWIM drive
Summary
E LECTRIC vehicle (EV) propulsion system helps in reducing the air and noise pollution, so the volume of EVs is increasing at a rapid rate [1]–[3]. IMs with higher voltages (say in the range 100–400 V) are better for EVs. This article aims to address the abovementioned challenge to some extent by proposing the open-end winding IM (OEWIM) [18]. A dual-inverter feeding an open-end winding PMSM (OEWPMSM) drive with two independent power sources is presented in [23] Even though these works point at EV application of OEWIM or OEWPMSM, their main focus is on drive performance improvement. The novelty of this article is that OEWIM-based D4WD is introduced for the first time for electric ground vehicle applications with complete drive train arrangement with two separate battery packs. 2) A new simplified torque and speed distribution scheme is proposed for the better dynamic operation of the dual-OEWIM-based D4WD EV system.
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