Abstract
Monitoring of surface water, through the analysis of physical-chemical and chemical parameters is a very important factor in the control of water quality and the health of living beings. Surface water quality is largely determined by the nature (atmospherics) and anthropogenic processes (discharge of municipal and industrial waste water). The results of monitoring of surface water are usually too expensive and difficult for correct interpreting, due to the spatial and temporal variations in water quality. By applying Multivariate statistical analysis can achieve significant reductions of the ampleness of the available data and the better interpretation of the obtained results about the quality and ecological status/potential of water. In this paper, were analyzed selected results of the analysis of surface water in AP Vojvodina in 2011 year by using multivariate statistical analysis (cluster analysis and principal components analysis). These techniques allow the interpretation of the results of the monitoring program of investigated surface water bodies and simultaneous identification of registered influence and potential sources of pollution on the quality of the given water bodies. With both methods applied and the division of water bodies tested in the same manner at the origin (natural and artificial) and on the basis of territorial belonging monitoring stations (Banat and Backa). Individual variations are discussed in corresponding differences in individual measuring stations in relation to others. Application of the given method, a grouping of the examined indicators of water quality in the following factors: hydro-chemical factor, ecological factor, the factor point pollution and diffusion. The obtained results confirm the initial hypothesis that the use of different statistical methods can identify the main factors that have an impact on the ecological status and ecological potential of water bodies and to improve the existing monitoring. In addition, analysis of the extracted surface water bodies where it is necessary to implement simultaneous monitoring of the biological quality elements to determine whether chemical parameters ensure the functioning of ecosystems.
Highlights
NAUČNI RADU toku godišnjeg hidrološkog ciklusa, kvalitet površinskih voda zavisi od atmosferskih padavina, nanosa, odnosno erozije tla u slivu, naseljenosti i razvoja industrije u slivnom području
These techniques allow the interpretation of the results of the monitoring program
Summary
U toku godišnjeg hidrološkog ciklusa, kvalitet površinskih voda zavisi od atmosferskih padavina, nanosa, odnosno erozije tla u slivu, naseljenosti i razvoja industrije u slivnom području. Krajnja informacija koja se dobija monitoringom površinskih voda ključna je za donošenje odluka u upravljanju vodama i zahteva odgovarajući način obrade podataka dobijenih merenjima u toku samog monitoringa. Jedne od tih metoda su multivarijalne statističke metode kao što su faktor analiza, klaster analiza i analiza glavnih komponenti. Primenom analize glavnih komponenti redukuje se broj raspoloživih podataka, a kao rezultat se dobija različiti broj novih promenljivih tzv. Koeficijent inverzne relacije od linearne kombinacije se zove komponenta opterećenja i predstavlja koeficijent korelacije između originalne promenljive i glavne komponente. Navedene statističke metode pružaju mogućnost lakšeg, bržeg i jasnijeg definisanja promenljivih koje imaju najveći uticaj na kvalitet površinskih voda. U ovom radu su primenom klaster analize i analize glavnih komponenti analizirani i interpretirani rezultati kvaliteta površinskih vodnih tela na teritoriji AP Vojvodine u cilju identifikacije mogućih izvora zagađenja
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