Abstract
The objective of this investigation was to evaluate the root canal anatomy of permanent canines in a Saudi subpopulation utilizing CBCT. A total of 1328 CBCT images of maxillary (634) and mandibular (694) permanent canines were collected from Saudi patients who visited the College of Dentistry at King Saud University in Riyadh. The images were analyzed for root and canal numbers, canal configuration types, and symmetry between the bilateral canine teeth in each arch. Gender, age, and tooth position were recorded. The Kappa test was used for both inter- and intraexaminer reliabilities. Data were analyzed with the chi-square test at a P value ≤ 0.05. There were no two-rooted teeth in maxillary canines, and 1.89% had two canals. Double roots and double canals in mandibular canines were found in 2.88% and 9.94% of the teeth, respectively. Type I canal configuration was more common in maxillary canines (97.94%) compared to mandibular canines (92.07%). Maxillary canines showed higher bilateral symmetries of root and canal numbers and canal configuration types (100%, 98.1%, and 97.9%, resp.) compared to mandibular canines (97.1%, 90.1%, and 92.1%, respectively). The majority of maxillary and mandibular canines had a single root with a single canal and type I canal configuration. Mandibular canines are characterized by having more than one root and canal and alterations in root canal configurations compared to maxillary canines.
Highlights
Awareness of the canal anatomy and its alterations, thorough debridement and shaping of all pulp canals, and complete canal filling are essential steps for favorable root canal treatment [1]
A significant relationship was noted between canal configuration and the tooth position (P 0.003). e mandibular canines showed more variations in canal configuration than the maxillary canines. e Type I configuration was more common in maxillary canines (97.94%) compared to mandibular canines (92.07%)
The results showed that the older age group (>65 years old) had a higher frequency of two canals than the younger age groups and a more complex root canal configuration. ese results can be clarified by the physiological change in root canal system morphology during aging through the formation of secondary dentine
Summary
Awareness of the canal anatomy and its alterations, thorough debridement and shaping of all pulp canals, and complete canal filling are essential steps for favorable root canal treatment [1]. Researchers have used various methods and techniques to assess root canal morphology, including serial sectioning [3, 4], canal staining and clearing [5, 6], conventional and digital radiographic examination [7], and microcomputed tomography (μCT) [8]. Is method is characterized by a lower radiation dose and shorter acquisition time than conventional computed tomography (CT) [10]. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an accurate and noninvasive method that provides a presentation of the root canal system in three dimensions [11], and its reconstructions showed a very strong correlation with the histologic sections [12]. Vertucci classified the root canal morphology into eight types, and many researchers have used it for root canal system classification [6]
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