Abstract

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has paved the way for the noninvasive measurement of human brain activity. However, it does not directly detect neuronal activity, and its interpretation requires caution. In addition, conventional fMRI usually detects brain activity induced by specific mental states, and conventional analysis methods are prone to drawing unwarranted inferences from brain activity to mental states. To move toward a legitimate inference, we introduce multivoxel pattern-based analyses and an online database system that correctly considers the Bayes' theorem.

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