Abstract
Abstract Natural Killer (NK) cells are lymphocytes capable of killing tumor cells and virus-infected cells without prior sensitization. Each NK cell expresses several different activating and inhibitory receptors. A balance of activating and inhibitory signals delivered by these receptors determines the outcome of NK–target cell interactions. However, it is often difficult to identify the individual contribution of each activating receptor and its susceptibility to inhibition. To avoid this complexity, SC2 insect cells have been transfected with ligands for several activating and inhibitory receptors. CD16 is the only receptor tested that is capable of inducing degranulation and cytokine production. Other receptors, such as NKG2D, LFA-1 enhance CD16-induced responses. Target cell lysis by NK cells requires polarized release of cytotoxic granule. The insect cell system is now being used to test if co-engagement of inhibitory receptors for MHC class I blocks granule polarization, degranulation or both.
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