Abstract
Antimicrobial response is greatly influenced by microRNAs (miRNAs) which are the important post-transcriptional regulators of gene expression. Simultaneously, host pathogen recognition receptors (PRRs) engaged by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) also play critical roles in activating innate immunity against microbial infection. Emerging evidences suggest that the interaction between microbial-regulated miRNAs and important PRRs signaling pathways influence host immune response to microbial pathogens. In this manuscript, we describe the roles of miRNAs in virus-regulated innate immune pathways and the crosstalk between miRNAs and PRRs, further breaking out the mechanistic dissection of miRNAs–PRRs in viral infection and the development of the prognosis of disease and novel miRNA-therapeutic strategies targeting immunity.
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