Abstract
The accuracy of cytogenetic analyses of human solid cancers has improved enormously over the past decade by the introduction and refinement of DNA in situ hybridization (ISH) techniques. This methodology can be applied to cells in the interphase state, thereby making it an excellent tool for the delineation of chromosomal aberrations in solid tumors. The use of non-isotopic ISH to intact and disaggregated cancer specimens will be discussed, as well as comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) with tumor-derived DNAs. In this review we will focus on hybridocytochemical interphase approaches for the detection of chromosomal changes in frequently occurring human epithelial malignancies, e.g., breast, lung, and prostate carcinomas. We will further discuss the use of ISH procedures for the genetic analysis of precursor conditions leading to invasive carcinomas. Knowledge concerning these precancerous conditions is increasing, and its importance in cancer prevention has been recognized. Interphase cytogenetics by ISH, as well as CGH, with DNAs derived from microdissected, precancerous, dysplastic tissue areas will increase our understanding of these lesions, both at the investigative and diagnostic levels.
Highlights
In 1914, Theodor Boveri concluded in his classical work entitled ‘‘Zur Frage der Entstehung maligner Tumoren’’ that cancer is a genetic disease, caused by clonal chromosomal changes (Boveri 1914)
A subdivision is often made between small cell lung cancers (SCLCs) and non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs), the latter comprising squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma
Fluorescence ISH (FISH) has been performed with yeast artificial v chromosomes to identify the position of translocation breakpoints (t3;6) and t(3;8) in familial Renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) by a number of groups (e.g., Wilke et al 1994)
Summary
&roles:Herman van Dekken · Carla Rosenberg Pieter J. &p.1:Abstract The accuracy of cytogenetic analyses of human solid cancers has improved enormously over the past decade by the introduction and refinement of DNA in situ hybridization (ISH) techniques. This methodology can be applied to cells in the interphase state, thereby making it an excellent tool for the delineation of chromosomal aberrations in solid tumors. Most of Boveri’s statements eventually turned out to be true It was u H. van Dekken ( ) · P.J. Krijtenburg · J.C. Alers.
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