Internet of Vehicles, Vehicular Social Networks, and Cybersecurity

Abstract

In this chapter, we will discuss the emerging mobility ecosystem and its potential growth that enhance the vehicle movement from source to the destination. This helps to save the passenger’s time and provides comfort during traveling. The main objective of the future of mobility along with the autonomous transportation and shared mobility is to overcome the predictable accidents on the road. The vehicles have evolved from mechanical transportation means to the smart vehicles with varieties of communication and sensing capabilities. With the development of Internet of Things (IoT), the conventional vehicles have developed over time and turned to Internet of Vehicles (IoV) with advanced connectivity with Internet, infrastructures, context awareness, sensing capabilities, service provisioning, etc. The IoV has developed over time from the conventional vehicular networks that connect the smart vehicles to the smart city. The IoV is a multifaceted vehicular network, where the vehicles consist of various sensors installed that gathers data from other vehicles and road infrastructures. IoV is a special case of IoT, which is developed specially for automotive vehicles. Several applications of IoV are indispensable for vehicles, drivers, pedestrian, smart city infrastructure, etc. The IoV has been popular among the automotive industry research, and they are attracted to the academic sector as well. In IoV, a large number of vehicles interconnect with each other and they communicate through heterogeneous wireless communications. We discuss seven-layered architecture of IoV in detail. The seven layers of IoV are interface layer, data acquisition layer, data preprocessing layer, communication layer, management and control layer, processing layer, and the security layer. In IoV, there exists congestion and scalability issue due to the increase in the number of vehicles and are not able to preprocess huge amount of collected data from various sensors and neighbor vehicles. The IoV requires serious attention, and the security in the IoV needs to be studied carefully to prevent from serious cyber-attacks. The existing IoV architecture lacks security requirements such as authentication, authorization, and trust-related issues. We discuss several types of attacks in IoV and challenging issues in IoV. Then, we mentioned three types of IoV applications in intelligent transportation system (ITS), business-related applications, and smart city applications.