Abstract
Because Internet of Things (IoT) systems contain different devices, infrastructures, and data formats; its success depends on the realization of full interoperability among these systems. Interoperability is a communication challenge that affects all the layers of the system. In this paper, a transparent translator to solve interoperability issues in two layers of an IoT system is proposed. The communication protocol layer is the first layer. In this layer, it is necessary to overcome the difference between the interaction patterns, such as request/response and publish/subscribe. The second layer includes the syntactic layer, which refers to data encoding. This type of interoperability is achieved through the semantic sensor network (SSN) ontology. Tests and evaluations of the proposed translator in comparison with a similar translator were performed using the constrained application protocol (CoAP), message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) protocol, and hypertext transfer (HTTP) protocol, in addition to different data formats, such as JSON, CSV, and XML. The results reveal the efficiency of the proposed method in terms of application protocol interoperability. In addition, the suggested translator has the added feature that it supports different data encoding standards as compared to the other translator.
Highlights
The Internet of Things (IoT) comprises a collection of different devices connected using different Internet protocols
A constrained application protocol (CoAP) server, hypertext transfer protocol (HTTP) server and message queuing telemetry transport (MQTT) broker were used in a weather information service transmitting information from different geographic locations
Using the sensor network (SSN) ontology, different clients can receive the payload in any format they require, even if this payload exists in the server in a different content format
Summary
The IoT comprises a collection of different devices connected using different Internet protocols. Examples of these devices include the thermostats, air conditioners, and lightbulbs that can be found in smart homes. The IoT plays an important role in other domains, such as transportation, healthcare, industrial automation, smart cities, and agriculture. The IoT enables physical objects to perform actions and share data. IoT intelligence is bestowed on these objects by using different technologies, such as cloud computing, embedded devices, sensor networks, and Internet protocols. Because of the diversity of IoT systems, many protocols have been developed and applied. Interoperability between the different systems represents an important factor in the success of an IoT; it remains a significant challenge
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