Abstract
Internet of Things (IoT) is promising technology that brings tremendous benefits if used optimally. At the same time, it has resulted in an increase in cybersecurity risks due to the lack of security for IoT devices. IoT botnets, for instance, have become a critical threat; however, systematic and comprehensive studies analyzing the importance of botnet detection methods are limited in the IoT environment. Thus, this study aimed to identify, assess and provide a thoroughly review of experimental works on the research relevant to the detection of IoT botnets. To accomplish this goal, a systematic literature review (SLR), an effective method, was applied for gathering and critically reviewing research papers. This work employed three research questions on the detection methods used to detect IoT botnets, the botnet phases and the different malicious activity scenarios. The authors analyzed the nominated research and the key methods related to them. The detection methods have been classified based on the techniques used, and the authors investigated the botnet phases during which detection is accomplished. This research procedure was used to create a source of foundational knowledge of IoT botnet detection methods. As a result of this study, the authors analyzed the current research gaps and suggest future research directions.
Highlights
The Internet of Things (IoT) has become an influential area in academia and industry
AI is considered as an interesting approach in detecting IoT botnets because it can accelerate the process of making decisions, and these approaches and techniques could be integrated with different trendy technologies to form more powerful techniques, such as Software Defined Network (SDN) [97,98,99] or blockchain [72]
The proposed methods tend to be concentrated on defensive techniques, whereas a proactive approach could help to understand the techniques of IoT botnet and prevent the damage that may be caused by a variety of malicious activities by IoT botnets
Summary
The Internet of Things (IoT) has become an influential area in academia and industry. The latter step comes after the completion of the process of the attacker taking control of as many IoT devices as possible In this way, the attacker creates and expands his own IoT botnet. IoT has several definitions in the literature, owing to its many characteristics, such as the wide array of technologies utilized, the multiplicity of the connected protocols in one infrastructure (as explained in 3.1.2), the ability to move and its polymorphic nature All of these characteristics play instrumental roles in increasing the difficulty of determining a single thorough concept that best defines it the IoT as a whole. The IoT makes effective use of things to provide all forms of applications with services, while guaranteeing that security and privacy standards are met; the IoT has social and technological impacts The Internet of Things Global Standard Initiative (IoT-GSI) from ITU defined the IoT as follows: “A global infrastructure for the information society, enabling advanced services by interconnecting (physical and virtual) things based on existing and evolving interoperable information and communication technologies.” The IoT makes effective use of things to provide all forms of applications with services, while guaranteeing that security and privacy standards are met; the IoT has social and technological impacts
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