Abstract
With the introduction of Industry 4.0, and smart factories accordingly, there are new opportunities to implement elements of industry 4.0 in nonthermal processing. Moreover, with application of Internet of things (IoT), smart control of the process, big data optimization, as well as sustainable production and monitoring, there is a new era of Internet of nonthermal food processing technologies (IoNTP). Nonthermal technologies include high power ultrasound, pulsed electric fields, high voltage electrical discharge, high pressure processing, UV-LED, pulsed light, e-beam, and advanced thermal food processing techniques include microwave processing, ohmic heating and high-pressure homogenization. The aim of this review was to bring in front necessity to evaluate possibilities of implementing smart sensors, artificial intelligence (AI), big data, additive technologies with nonthermal technologies, with the possibility to create smart factories together with strong emphasis on sustainability. This paper brings an overview on digitalization, IoT, additive technologies (3D printing), cloud data storage and smart sensors including two SWOT analysis associated with IoNTPs and sustainability. It is of high importance to perform life cycle assessment (LCA), to quantify (En)—environmental dimension; (So)—social dimension and (Ec)—economic dimension. SWOT analysis showed: potential for energy saving during food processing; optimized overall environmental performance; lower manufacturing cost; development of eco-friendly products; higher level of health and safety during food processing and better work condition for workers. Nonthermal and advanced thermal technologies can be applied also as sustainable techniques working in line with the sustainable development goals (SDGs) and Agenda 2030 issued by United Nations (UN).
Highlights
Introduction nal affiliationsNonthermal processing (NTP) has been investigated for food applications for the purpose of food product stabilization and extraction, as alternative preservation processes to conventional application of thermal treatments, pre-treatments in wastewater treatments and in different applications
To build smart factory it is necessary that management invest in technologies like cloud computing, Internet of things (IoT), advanced sensor technologies, 3D printing, industrial robotics, data analytics, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, enhanced machine-to-machine (M2M) communication along with building the capability of the employees
The review paper is giving an overview of applying nonthermal processing, with optimization of processing with the aim of creating smart processing and smart factories
Summary
Literature review concerning sustainability of NTPs has been performed by analyzing manuscripts refer in scientific databases, mainly Web of Science, ScienceDirect and Google. There are many obstacles and interdisciplinary approach is needed to overcome those obstacles [11] Technologies such as 5G, IoT, remote sensing, big data analytics, AI, machine learning and blockchain can be connected in development of synergy approach of using advanced thermal and nonthermal processing. The usage of elements of Industry 4.0 in food which cause of therevolution, quality ofwill the allow products With this knowledge and by processing as deterioration new 5th industrial companies to combine advantages of modern technologies and information and communication technology components, to increase productivity and speed to respond to the market. Industrial Internet of Things (IIoT), known as the Industrial Internet is term that brings together machinery, analytics (big data) and employees It is the network of huge number of industrial devices connected by communications technologies that results in systems that can monitor, collect, exchange, analyze, and deliver valuable information. Siemens Blockchain makes sure the collected data is safe and transparently accessible to everyone who is part of the consortium”
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