Abstract

The research is an attempt to comprehend with these issues and enunciate an argument that international labor rights and labor standards are a pivotal component of international trade, investment, and development strategy for the well-being of the entire society not only for the wealthy nations. Section 1 of the paper lays out unanimity of labor rights and standards depicted from different sources with evoking instances showing real concerns that have originated with the development of new universal trade. Section 2 illustrates various forums where the international labor rights assertion perhaps induced, through a discourse of multiple supervision or enforcement mechanism available under such forums. Last part of the paper concludes the study and proposes future initiatives to labor rights advocates from all discussions and further recommends new allegiances to international fair labor rights and standards by government, employers, and trade unions entered into a global economy.

Highlights

  • The difference in labor rights and labor standards between the states at changing stages of development has elevated its prominence as an essential element in international trade (Compa, 1993b)

  • The International Bill of Rights is the major source of labor rights globally along with United Nation's (UN) Universal Declaration of Human Rights combined with two more international covenants e.g., Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, and Civil and Political Rights (Compa, 1993b)

  • Since the inception of General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in 1948, the labor clauses included in the charter of International Trade Organization (ITO), which was later superseded by the General Agreement

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Summary

Introduction

The difference in labor rights and labor standards between the states at changing stages of development has elevated its prominence as an essential element in international trade (Compa, 1993b). Such nations turn into alluring targets for the new investors in respect of cost-saving production (Kucera, 2002) Many companies shift their operations to the countries where they have favorable investment environment, low wages, weak unionization structure and less regularized industry due to rigorous labor standards. Workers and workers unions have a different perspective on the connection of labor standards and trade They consider that high salaries and constant social protection system merely exist in stable democracies and advanced economies, competent judiciaries, advanced infrastructure, skilled labor and a middle class with good purchasing power (Golub, 1997). The article proposes subsequent paces for labor rights proponents from the different forums in the conclusion part and suggests a new dedication with considering the new global economy for the international labor rights and labor standards by governments, employers and trade unions

Fundamental International Labor Rights and Standards
Freedom of Association and Right to Collective Bargaining
Child Labor
Forced Labor
Discrimination
Origins of Labor Rights Claims and its Enforcement Regimes
Multilateral Human Rights Instruments
ILO Conventions and Recommendations
Bilateral and Multilateral Trade Agreements
Voluntary Codes of Conduct
Litigation Strategies
Findings
Conclusion
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