Abstract
The international student population is increasing gradually around the world as a result, international students require more attention in terms of their adjustment needs and acculturation experiences. Developed and developing countries' approaches to addressing international student adjustment needs can be different, yet regardless of the country's development status, colleges accept international students. Therefore, a greater understanding of acculturation and adjustment to college issues of international students is needed to provide optimal support for these students. To address this need, the first purpose of this article is determined as providing an overview of the concept of acculturation and its relation to international student college adjustment issues. Second, studies conducted with international students in Turkey reviewed and some conflicted findings were discussed. Third, considering the adjustment needs of international students in Turkey, practical suggestions presented for university policymakers, academics, advisors, as well as college employees working with international students such as counselors from university counseling centers.
Highlights
In recent years, the number of international students has been increasing worldwide; it is important to understand the difficulties that international students experience in their acculturation and adjustment to college processes
The typical problems that international students face in their new culture can be discerned from their acculturation and issues of adjustment to college
Each person is unique in using their coping skills to overcome adjustment challenges, having a greater understanding of transitional issues into a new culture may help individuals who work with international students directly
Summary
The Council of Higher Institution (CHI) provides yearly statistics of higher education in Turkey. The process of acculturation was perceived as the result of long-term interaction between individuals from different cultures (Chun, Organista & Marin, 2003). A marginalization strategy is used when there is a little possibility or interest in cultural maintenance and little interest in interaction with other people (Chun, Organista & Marin, 2003; Saygın & Hasta, 2018) These strategies are for non-dominant groups and individual members of these groups in a dominant culture. The ABC model of acculturation is a more contemporary approach and encompasses three concepts which are stress and coping, culture learning, and social identification (Masgoret & Ward, 2006) According to this model, as life changes are stressful in nature, individuals are likely to experience stress in new cultures and tend to develop coping strategies for adjustment. With acknowledging the multidimensional process of acculturation, this model focuses on individuals’ ability to adapt instead of environmental change
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