International Research Journal of Medicine and Medical Sciences

Abstract

In Saudi Arabia, one of the most emerging pandemic diseases is Metabolic Syndrome (MS), associated with obesity, cardiovascular Disease (CVD) and diabetes. A large proportion of the general population represents theworking environment, which serve as an important place for prevention, control and management of chronic diseases. The objective of the present study is to examine the incidence of MS and its components among patients working in the university of King Abdulaziz, In the hospital which is a Teaching Hospital of Western Province in Saudi Arabia, and the patients attending the hospital from the community and to evaluate the incidence on the basis of age and gender. Present study is based on the cross-sectional study of 117 patients attending a teaching hospital of Western Province of Saudi Arabia.MS was explained and diagnosed as reported by National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment panel III modified criteriawhich includes BMI, waist, Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG), HDL, and blood pressure. The prevalence of MS was 24.2% in the present study, while the components with more than three were found to be higher in male (29%) than female (21.9%). However, thereafter prevalence was more in female than male and increased with age.The most widespread MS components in all patients were increasedtriglycerides (2.1mmol/L±1.3); BMI (32.3kg/m 2 ±9.3), Systolic BP (141.4mm/Hg±19.7); HDL (1.2mmol/L±0.3);Fasting blood sugar(10.8mmol/L±8.9);Diastolic BP (75.5mm/Hg±11.3); and T. Cholesterol (4.8mmol/L±1.0).Male (Odds ratio 0.217, P=0.008) with any age (Odds ratio=0.916,P=0.002), a Saudi national (Odds ratio=0.278, P=0.029) with normal (Odds ratio=0.087, P=0.001) are associated significantly with metabolic syndrome.Consequently there is significant difference in metabolic syndrome between age,sex, nationality, and Obesity.In the age group of 4049 and 60-69,prevalence of waist circumference is higher and in the age group of < 40 and 60-69, triglycerides are higher. The prevalence of MS was higher in male than female ( ≥3 components) while the prevalence increased with age. On the basis of age and gender, current report helpsto estimate the prevalenceof MS and its components among employees working in Teaching Hospital of Western Province and the community.Therefore, there is anecessity to create an awareness programsto prevent CVDs and diabetes in workplace and the community.