Abstract

In this article, the author draws on recent practice and examines the history of sanctions imposed by the UN Security Council under Chapter VII of the Charter, with respect to threats to the peace, breaches of the peace, and acts of aggression. Noting that the Council's power to resort to sanctions is not subject to any particular limitations, she identifies a number of dilemmas in their use, possible limitations resulting from the provisions of general international law, and the extent to which sanctions have an impact on the international protection of refugees. Various proposals have been made to ‘finetune’ sanctions regimes or otherwise provide for humanitarian exemptions, and the author describes the practice of UNHCR and the sanctions committee for Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (Serbia and Montenegro), which offers one model for the future.

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