International legal regulation of ensuring energy and nuclear security of Ukraine during war

Abstract

The article examines the issues of international legal regulation of energy and nuclear security of Ukraine in wartime conditions. Peculiarities and problems of normative and legal regulation of energy security of Ukraine in peacetime and martial law are analyzed. The modern conditions of the full-scale war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine on the energy front, where “special operations” are conducted against the energy system, which combines thermal, hydro and nuclear power plants, are investigated. The main areas of ensuring Ukraine's energy and nuclear security in wartime conditions are considered through international legal regulation of energy and nuclear security protection in the world, as well as through the role played by international organizations, which are effective means of global energy security in world nuclear energy. The outlined conceptual provisions and mechanisms for ensuring global nuclear safety are in the field of view of the most influential international organizations such as: International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA); UN; NATO; Western European Nuclear Regulators Association (WENRA) and EuropeanNuclear Safety Regulators Group (ENSREG); European Nuclear Safety Regulators Group (ENSREG) at the European Commission; Nuclear Energy Agency of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (Nuclear Energy Agency at OECD – NEA/OECD); European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN); World Association of Nuclear Power Plant Operators (WANO) World Nuclear Association (WNA); European Atomic Forum (Foratom); International project on innovative nuclear reactors and fuel cycles within the framework of the IAEA (INPRO/INPRO); Forum on cooperation of IAEA regulatory bodies (FSRO/RCF). The methodology for ensuring Ukraine's energy and nuclear security in the conditions of a full-scale war is characterized, which must ensure the necessary level of protection of the critical infrastructure of the sovereign state as a whole from obvious and potential internal and external threats, their timely detection, prevention and neutralization, which will guarantee the stable functioning of the energy complex.