International Law and the Crisis of COVID-19 on the International Security: A Case Study of Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Purpose: This research aims to explore the role of Saudi Arabia in influencing the global system amid the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly examining its efforts in managing the crisis and its impact on international law and security. Theoretical Framework: The study is anchored in the theoretical frameworks of international law and international security. It seeks to understand how these frameworks intersect with Saudi Arabia's response to the pandemic. Method: Utilizing secondary research data, the study adopts a qualitative approach to analyze the phenomenon. It focuses on examining existing literature and data sources to derive insights into Saudi Arabia's pandemic response and its international implications. Results and Conclusions: The findings reveal that international human rights law and the World Health Organization’s (WHO) health regulations significantly shaped Saudi Arabia’s response to the pandemic. The nation adhered to WHO guidelines, contributed funds to the WHO and regional countries, and implemented strong national policies. Additionally, Saudi Arabia made notable efforts in international security by de-escalating conflict with Yemen, in line with the UN secretary-general's ceasefire call. Collectively, these actions have positioned Saudi Arabia as a responsible state in the international community. Research Implications: This study contributes to the broader understanding of state responses to global crises, highlighting the role of national policies and international cooperation. It offers insights into how countries like Saudi Arabia navigate complex challenges like a pandemic while balancing international obligations and national interests. Originality/Value: This research is unique in its comprehensive analysis of Saudi Arabia's multifaceted response to the COVID-19 pandemic, encompassing aspects of international law, health regulations, and security measures. It provides a nuanced understanding of how a key Middle Eastern country has managed a global health crisis while also navigating its own economic transformation and regional geopolitical challenges.