Abstract
This paper critically reviews the evolution of concepts and principles that inspired the adoption and enforcement of international instruments related to the conservation, exchange and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, including agreements, governance and programs. The review spans from the pioneering attempts to regulate this matter, to the negotiations that led to the current regulatory framework, covering the creation of the Panel of Experts on Plant Exploration and Introduction of Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) in 1965, the establishment of the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR) in 1974 and the FAO Commission on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture in 1983, the adoption of the International Undertaking in 1983 and, more recently (2001), the International Treaty for Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. The conceptual contribution, offered by Prof. Scarascia Mugnozza and other visionary scholars, to the establishment of these international instruments, is highlighted.
Highlights
Genetic resources for food and agriculture, including plants, animals, micro-organisms and invertebrates, play an essential role in feeding mankind
This paper critically reviews the evolution of concepts and principles that inspired the adoption and enforcement of international instruments related to the conservation, exchange and sustainable use of plant genetic resources (PGRs) for food and agriculture, including agreements, conventions, treaties, governance and programs
This move brought aboutthe establishment of the International Board for Plant Genetic Resources (IBPGR), with the task of coordinating an international plant genetic resources programme, including emergency collecting missions, and building and expanding a network of national, regional and international gene banks [44]
Summary
Genetic resources for food and agriculture, including plants, animals, micro-organisms and invertebrates, play an essential role in feeding mankind. They ensure the strategic reservoir necessary to maintain efficient food production systems and to adapt them for new socio-economic and environmental conditions. This paper critically reviews the evolution of concepts and principles that inspired the adoption and enforcement of international instruments related to the conservation, exchange and sustainable use of plant genetic resources (PGRs) for food and agriculture, including agreements, conventions, treaties, governance and programs. More details on the history of the international regulation of PGR conservation and exchange are available in [8,10,11,12]
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