International Guidelines and Regulations for the Safe Use of Diagnostic Ultrasound in Medicine

Abstract

This paper presents a brief update on ultrasound bioeffects. Benefits and risks of ultrasound examinations and the concept of ALARA, i.e., exposure As Low As Reasonably Achievable, are introduced. Output display standards (Thermal [TI] and Mechanical [MI] Indices) provide information on the potential for bioeffects and help to implement ALARA easily and efficiently. Some key aspects of guidelines and regulations from major ultrasound organizations that offer valuable information helping users apply diagnostic ultrasound in a safe and effective manner are highlighted. Although future harmful bioeffects may be identified, current data indicate that the benefits to the patient outweigh the small risks. Awareness of risk and the safe practice of ultrasound investigations are important. Continuing education is needed to ensure that appropriate risk/benefit assessments are made based on current knowledge, paving the way for self-regulation.