Abstract
Abstract Public health experts cite environmental change as a factor in the emergence and re-emergence of infectious diseases. Human alteration of the natural environment exposes people to microbes or disease vectors and creates conditions conducive to the multiplication and transmission of microbes and disease vectors. Natural environmental phenomenon can generate increased infectious disease threats to human populations, as evidenced by connections between weather variations (for example, El Nifio) and infectious diseases; but anthropogenic environmental changes produce the most serious infectious disease concerns. Environmental changes that encourage infectious disease spread range from the local, such as contaminated drinking water, to the global, such as climate change.
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