Abstract
A major barrier to building the anesthesia workforce in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs) has been the low priority that surgery and safe anesthesia has had for many decades in these countries. Several contributing factors have led to renewed interest in improving access to operative services in low-resource countries. Noncommunicable diseases (NCDs), many of which are amenable to surgical intervention, are now leading contributors to worldwide death and disability. Reports on the available anesthesia workforce and resources in many LMICs have given a clearer picture of the severity of the current anesthesia capacity crisis. This knowledge has resulted in 2015 policy reports from prominent international organizations supporting the feasibility and importance of improving access to global surgery and anesthesia. Results are also starting to come in on several internationally supported educational and training programs geared towards improving anesthesia capacity and quality in LMICs. This review discusses these factors and reports which give guidance and new hope for future anesthesia capacity building where it is most needed globally.
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