Abstract
The reconstruction of healthcare systems in developing countries after natural disasters is poorly understood. Using data collected before and after the 2010 Haiti earthquake, we detail the response of aid agencies and their interaction with local healthcare providers in Leogane, the city closest to the epicenter. We find that the period after the earthquake was associated with an increase in the total number of healthcare facilities, inpatient beds, and surgical facilities and that international aid has been a driving force behind this recovery. Aid has funded 12 of 13 new healthcare facilities that have opened since the earthquake as well as the reconstruction of 7 of 8 healthcare facilities that have been rebuilt. Despite increases in free, aid-financed healthcare, private Haitian healthcare facilities have remained at a constant number. The planned phase-out of several aid-financed facilities, however, will leave Leogane with fewer inpatient beds and healthcare services compared with the pre-earthquake period.
Highlights
As the amount of international aid spent annually on global health endeavors continues to increase, so too does controversy regarding aid effectiveness
We find that the period after the earthquake was associated with an increase in the total number of healthcare facilities, inpatient beds, and surgical facilities and that international aid has been a driving force behind this recovery
Our findings show that the healthcare infrastructure of Leogane, the city closest to the epicenter of the 2010 Haiti earthquake, suffered extensive damage, because nearly onehalf of all healthcare facilities collapsed
Summary
As the amount of international aid spent annually on global health endeavors continues to increase, so too does controversy regarding aid effectiveness. The epicenter of the earthquake was less than 5 miles from Leogane, a coastal city 16 miles west of Port-au-Prince with an urban population of 50,000.7 Approximately 90% of the buildings in Leogane were either destroyed or severely damaged during the earthquake.[8]
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