Internalizing Travel by Mixing Land Uses: Study of Master-Planned Communities in South Florida

Abstract

Planners, public officials, and large-scale land developers increasingly promote mixed-use developments as an alternative to sprawl. They list among the benefits of such developments the “internal capture” of trips; that is, trips that would otherwise have filtered onto the regional road network will remain on site. Yet, so little information is available about internal capture rates that traffic impact studies for mixed-use developments become little more than exercises in speculation. In an attempt to advance basic knowledge of the subject and move toward better prediction methods, 20 mixed-use communities in south Florida were studied to determine the effect of land use mix on internal capture rates. The sample of communities studied had internal capture rates ranging from 0 to 57 percent of all trip ends generated. When modeled in terms of land use and accessibility variables, both the scale of a development and regional accessibility proved significant, with the former directly related to internal capture and the latter inversely related to internal capture. The bestfit model explained just under half of the variance in internal capture rates. Controlling for scale and regional accessibility, land use mix and density did not have independent predictive powers. Whether because of limitations of the data set, model specification, or method of analysis, the benefits of mixed-use development were not borne out.