Abstract
A concise and robust method for 2D particle shape evaluation and reconstruction is proposed using the concept of the internal rolling of covering discs within the outline of a particle. By downscaling the covering disc size for capturing multiscale features, the calculation of the Euclidean distance can effectively yield three indices for sphericity, roundness and roughness. The geometric-based evaluations of particle morphology are dimensionless and precisely distinguishable between shapes after calibration and validation against constructed particles and natural sands. A sphericity-roundness diagram is provided to visualize the particle shape characterization, and a probabilistic density surface in the sphericity-roundness diagram is then proposed to statistically represent the distributions of the particle shapes. The concept of internal rolling is also utilized for particle shape reconstruction using a limited number of balls to replicate the indices of sphericity, roundness and roundness characteristic curve. The probabilistic density surface is duplicated for statistical particle shape reconstruction, which provides an effective approach for numerical investigations of the relationships between particle shapes and mechanical behavior. The effect of image quality on 2D shape evaluation is also examined by using a minimum area per particle, and the proposed method is intuitively extendable to 3D measurements using rolling covering spheres.
Highlights
Particle shape is one of the most important inherent particle characteristics and is of interest to many fields of science and technology, from pharmacology and food engineering, to geoscience and geotechnical engineering
To extend the aforementioned approach, the proposed rolling method for shape evaluation is applicable to the description of roughness by both internal and external rolling of a small covering disc that can capture features of asperities for roughness
This study focuses on 2D particle shape evaluation using the proposed internal rolling method for quantitative characterizations of sphericity, roundness and roughness, as well as the 2D particle reconstruction method utilizing the roundness characteristic curve (RCC) and probabilistic density surface (PDS) in the S-R diagram
Summary
Particle shape is one of the most important inherent particle characteristics and is of interest to many fields of science and technology, from pharmacology and food engineering, to geoscience and geotechnical engineering. It has long been recognized that particle shape plays a major role in fabric formation (along with particle ordering and packing density) and influences the stress-strain behavior and strength properties of granular materials [1,2,3]. Definitions have been proposed for descriptive and quantitative representations of particle morphology, and it is well established that an irregular particle shape can be decomposed into three independent multiscale features: sphericity, roundness and roughness [4,5,6,7,8,9,10]. Roundness refers to the mesoscale measurements of corners and edges obtained by quantifying the sharpness of angular protrusions for major surface.
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