Internal organ lesions in patients with acute leukemia according to autopsy data

Eldor Iskhakov,Khasan Tursunov,Saidjalol Bakhramov

doi:10.47689/2181-1415-vol1-iss2-pp388-396

Abstract

The analysis of the condition of the internal organs in 17 patients with acute leukemia who died before treatment and at various stages of the antitumor cytostatic treatment was performed. In those cases when patients died before the start of cytostatic treatment, almost all internal organs had a specific lesion of blast cells, which was the cause of death in these patients. In patients who died in a state of myelotoxic aplasia of hematopoiesis, the cause of death was gross dystrophic changes in the internal organs, which led to multiple organ failure due to resistant sepsis.

Highlights

The transition to programmed chemotherapy for acute leukemia made it possible to achieve long-term remissions bordering on oncological recovery [4,5,6,7]
In patients who died in a state of myelotoxic aplasia of hematopoiesis, the cause of death was gross dystrophic changes in internal organs, which led to multiple organ failure caused by resistant sepsis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), which led to irreversible
Given the practical impossibility of performing an intravital biopsy of internal organs in somatically severe patients, and an extremely small number of scientific works devoted to this topic [1,3], we considered it important to assess the histological state of internal organs using sectional material of deceased patients, to compare them with the neglect of tumor process, to assess the severity of damage to internal organs, depending on the complications that developed after chemotherapy, which led to the death of patients

Summary

SUMMARY

The analysis of the state of internal organs in 17 patients with acute leukemia who died before treatment and at various stages of antitumor cytostatic treatment showed that in patients who died before the start of cytostatic treatment, almost all internal organs showed a specific lesion by blast cells, as was the cause of death in these patients. In patients who died in a state of myelotoxic aplasia of hematopoiesis, the cause of death was gross dystrophic changes in internal organs, which led to multiple organ failure caused by resistant sepsis, disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), which led to irreversible. Our data can provide more detailed information about the histomorphological state of internal organs, a deeper understanding of thanatogenesis in patients with acute leukemia. Калит сўзлар: Ўткир лейкемия Кимётерапия Ички органлардаги гистологик ўзгаришлар. Даволашдан олдин ва ўсмага қарши кимётерапия турли босқичларида вафот этган ўткир лейкемия билан касалланган 17 беморда ички органларнинг ҳолатини ҳистоморфологик таҳлил қилинди. У пациентов, которые умерли в состоянии миелотоксической аплазии кроветворения, после проведенной химиотерапии, причиной смерти были грубые дистрофические изменения во внутренних органах, с развитием полиорганной недостаточности, вследствие резистентного сепсиса. List of abbreviations: ALL - acute lymphoblastic leukemia AML - acute myeloid leukemia AMML - acute myemonoblastic leukemia APL - acute promyelocytic leukemia DIC - disseminated intravascular coagulation

INTRODUCTION

MATERIALS AND METHODS

DISCUSSION

CONCLUSIONS