Abstract
Porous yttria-stabilised zirconia ceramics have been gaining popularity throughout the years in various fields, such as energy, environment, medicine, etc. Although yttria-stabilised zirconia is a well-studied material, voided yttria-stabilised zirconia powder particles have not been demonstrated yet, and might play an important role in future technology developments. A sol-gel synthesis accompanied by a freeze-drying process is currently being proposed as a method of obtaining sponge-like nano morphology of embedded faceted voids inside yttria-stabilised zirconia particles. The results rely on a freeze-drying stage as an effective and simple method for generating nano-voided yttria-stabilised zirconia particles without the use of template-assisted additives.
Highlights
Pure zirconia (ZrO2 ) undergoes a monoclinic (P21 /c) → tetragonal (P42/nmc) → cubic (Fm3m) phase transition sequence upon heating [1]
As far as we know, nano-faceted voided YSZ powder particles prepared by sol-gel technique followed by freeze-drying process has never been shown
We propose a procedure for the synthesis of 7–8 YSZ with embedded nano-voids by the sol-gel technique followed by the freeze-drying approach
Summary
Pure zirconia (ZrO2 ) undergoes a monoclinic (P21 /c) → tetragonal (P42/nmc) → cubic (Fm3m) phase transition sequence upon heating [1]. The large volume expansion associated with the transition between the tetragonal and monoclinic phases upon cooling prevents exploitation of the refractory properties of pure zirconia as a structural ceramic. For thermal-barrier applications or dental implants, a significant reduction of the thermal conductivity in YSZ is expected upon generation of nano-featured compositions, containing air-voids, as a secondary thermally insulating phase. These two contributions might be combined by the generation of nano-voids in YSZ based materials. As far as we know, nano-faceted voided YSZ powder particles prepared by sol-gel technique followed by freeze-drying process (without the usage of additives) has never been shown. Statistical analysis was performed using statistical package for the social sciences (SPSS) software
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