Abstract
The aim of the work was to determine the phenomena of internal friction (mechanical losses) occurring in ferroelectric-ferromagnetic composites created based on PZT-type ferroelectric powder and ferrite. The composites were obtained using ceramic powders – multi-component PZT-type solid solutions with ferroelectric properties. Their magnetic component included zinc-nickel powder Ni0.64Zn0.36Fe2O4. 30 × 10 × 1 mm3 test specimens were obtained using free sintering. Temperature Q -1(T) and amplitude Q -1(ε) internal friction dependencies were determined. Wide high temperature maxima were observed with regard to the internal friction temperature dependencies obtained for the tested specimens. The conducted measurements of amplitude (isothermal) dependencies of internal friction Q -1(ε) for the tested composites have allowed for interpreting the previously observed maximum on the temperature dependencies of internal friction.
Highlights
In order to broaden the application possibilities of composite materials obtained based on PZT-type ferroelectric powder and ferrites, it is necessary to learn their physical, chemical and mechanical properties, as well as their actual structure [1,2]
Vast interest in the method based on measuring internal friction when testing the actual structure of composite materials is brought about by the fact that, while observing macroscopic vibrations of a specimen, one may obtain information regarding the behavior of the tested material on the atomic level
Low values of internal friction within the entire temperature range were observed in both composites
Summary
In order to broaden the application possibilities of composite materials obtained based on PZT-type ferroelectric powder and ferrites, it is necessary to learn their physical, chemical and mechanical properties, as well as their actual structure [1,2]. Internal friction is caused by irreversible energy losses occurring in solids as a result of numerous processes involving, among others, crystal lattice defects It is characterized by inelastic behavior of solids under the impact of external stresses and manifests itself as partial loss of mechanical vibration energy (a portion of the mechanical energy is transformed into thermal energy) [6,7,8,9]. The determination of mechanical losses Q−1 may be performed both through temperature measurements (at constant measuring frequency) and frequency measurements (at constant temperature) [10–12]
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