Abstract
Internal carotid artery dissection presenting as hypoglossal nerve palsy
Highlights
The hypoglossal nerve (CN XII palsy) is a pure motor nerve which controls both the intrinsic and extrinsic muscle of the tongue
The Hypoglossal nerve passes close to the carotid artery may be compressed in carotid artery dissection, leading to hypoglossal nerve palsy
Carotid artery dissection is frequently associated with neck trauma, such as vehicle accidents, assaults, but can appear even in mild trauma
Summary
Lower cranial nerves such as the hypoglossal nerve can be involved due to localized pressure in the neck. The Hypoglossal nerve passes close to the carotid artery may be compressed in carotid artery dissection, leading to hypoglossal nerve palsy. Carotid artery dissection accounts for a high proportion of stroke in young people. Carotid artery dissection is frequently associated with neck trauma, such as vehicle accidents, assaults, but can appear even in mild trauma. Clinical suspicion of carotid dissection arises due to focal neurological deficits or Horner’s syndrome. In the case described hypoglossal nerve palsy due to local compression was the main clinical manifestation. When carotid artery dissection is suspected diagnosis through vascular imaging, and prompt treatment are imperative in order to prevent further complications
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