Abstract
This paper presents a review of recent studies on reinforced concrete (RC) structural components, such as beam-column joints (BCJs). These members are internally or externally reinforced with corrosion free shape memory alloy (SMA), fiber reinforced polymers (FRP), or a combination of the two materials. Bonded FRP sheets or near surface mounted (NSM) FRP bars are used in external strengthening cases. The use of FRP and SMA materials in RC structures can offer great potential benefits including lifetime cost saving, durability, safety, and post-earthquake serviceability for RC structures. Although FRP materials are well known for their corrosion resistance, high strength-to-weight ratios, ease of application, and constructability; SMA materials as reinforcement allow the structures to regain their original shape after the termination of the load without any permanent large residual deformation. In summary, the presented literature review provides an insight into the ongoing research on the use of these materials for retrofitting or strengthening of RC structural components and the trends for future research in this area. The cost and durability are also discussed.
Highlights
One of the causes of deterioration of reinforced concrete (RC) structures is due to the corrosion of embedded reinforcing bars followed by the formation of cracks in concrete resulting in putting the structures out of service.For many decades, the problem of corrosion has remained an alarming issue
The aim of this paper is to provide an insight into the performance of corrosion free concrete beam-column joints (BCJs) reinforced with fiber reinforced polymers (FRP), shape memory alloy (SMA), and a new composite material made out of FRP and SMA
Sheets and anchored using steel plates and threaded steel rods + beam glass fiber reinforced polymer (GFRP) sheets anchored with U-shaped steel plates restrained with slab, 2 schemes for strengthening, 2nd scheme uses bolts and steel plates to provide mechanical anchorages (a) CFRP sheets on columns anchored using steel plates and threaded steel rods + beam CFRP sheets anchored with U-shaped steel plates, (b)one of BCJ steel rods threaded from column towards beam and covered with epoxy mortar, tie rods welded to beam bottom bars use of steel plates on the beam, threaded rods, L-shaped and
Summary
One of the causes of deterioration of RC structures is due to the corrosion of embedded reinforcing bars followed by the formation of cracks in concrete resulting in putting the structures out of service. Few researchers have recently used SMA as internal reinforcement bars in the plastic hinge regions where the damage can cause failure of the whole structure [13,14,15]. Such advantages from both FRP and SMA, have paved the way to start using them together either as a hybrid or composite materials for strengthening RC members both externally and internally. The aim of this paper is to provide an insight into the performance of corrosion free concrete BCJs reinforced with FRP, SMA, and a new composite material made out of FRP and SMA. It is called hybrid when the joint has SMA bars in a region and FRP bars in another one, while it is called composite when the bars are made of a mixture of both FRP and SMA materials
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