Interleukin-6 and dexamethasone modulate in vitro asymmetric antibody synthesis and UDP-Glc glycoprotein glycosyltransferase activity

Abstract

The increased production of asymmetric IgG protective antibodies is one of the mechanisms proposed to explain a successful semiallogeneic pregnancy. We have previously demonstrated that IL-6 was able to enhance the synthesis of these antibodies by a murine hybridoma, while the glucocorticoid dexamethasone (DEXA) diminished it. In order to investigate the mechanism of asymmetric antibody synthesis, we investigate the role of UDP-Glc glycoprotein glucosyltransferase (GT), an endoplasmic reticulum enzyme involved in the quality control and folding of glycoproteins. Either recombinant murine rmIL-6 (0–10–40–160–320–640 ng/ml) or DEXA (0.15 μM) were added to a mouse hybridoma culture and incubated for 24 and 72 h in the first case, and for 4 h in the presence of DEXA. Anti-DNP asymmetric antibodies were determined in the culture supernatants by ELISA. After harvesting, hybridoma cells were sonicated and GT activity was analysed in isolated microsomal fractions by measuring UDP( 14C)-Glc incorporation into urea-denatured thyroglobulin (urea-Tg). In the present paper, we showed that IL-6, mainly at 40 ng/ml and t = 24 h, was able to upregulate both in vitro GT activity (+74%) and asymmetric molecule synthesis (+227%). Lower increases were obtained employing 10 and 160 ng/ml. On the other hand, DEXA, at 0.15 μM and t = 4 h, showed a mild inhibition of enzyme activity (−10%) and a diminished proportion of asymmetric IgG (−49%). A direct relationship between GT activity and proportion of the asymmetric antibody synthesised was found in our hybridoma cells employing IL-6 and DEXA in different conditions, as was indicated by a correlation analysis. These results suggest that GT might be involved in the synthesis of asymmetric antibodies.