Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the association between interleukin (IL) genes polymorphisms and in vitro fertilization (IVF) outcome. A prospective cohort analysis was performed at a Women’s Hospital IVF centre of 1015 female patients undergoing fresh non-donor IVF cycles. The effects of the following six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in five IL genes on IVF outcomes were explored: IL-1α (rs1800587 C/T), IL-3 (rs40401 C/T), IL-6 (rs1800795 C/G), IL-15 (rs3806798 A/T), IL-18 (rs187238 C/G) and IL-18 (rs1946518 G/T). The main outcome measures included clinical pregnancy, embryo implantation, abortion and live birth rates. There were no statistically significant differences in clinical pregnancy, embryo implantation and live birth rates in the analysis of 1015 patients attempting their first cycle of IVF. Infertile women with IL-3 homozygous major genotype had a higher abortion rate than those with heterozygous and homozygous minor genotype (16.5% vs. 7.9%, P = 0.025). In conclusion, our results indicated that the IL-3 rs40401 polymorphism is associated with increased risk of abortion of IVF patients. Future studies with inclusion of other ethnic populations must be conducted to confirm the findings of this study.
Highlights
Despite numerous technical advances in the administration of in vitro fertilization (IVF) to infertile couples, embryo implantation remains the rate-limiting step for a successful IVF procedure [1].The endometrium is receptive to the embryo only during a period known as the implantation window
The following notation will be used for describing the genotypes of all single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs): homozygous major as “AA,” heterozygous as
We found that the impact of IL-3 SNP on abortion is borderline significantly for young age patients, which suggest that the effect of IL-3 SNP on abortion is not associated with advanced maternal age
Summary
The endometrium is receptive to the embryo only during a period known as the implantation window. During this period, both the developing embryo and the receptive endometrium undergo a synchronized complex process involving several factors including immune cells, growth factors, cytokines and adhesion molecules [2,3]. It is believed that the events underlying the endometrial receptivity are products of several genes; alterations due to polymorphisms in genes involved in embryo implantation could lead to IVF failure [4,5]. Among the large number of embryo implantation failure or miscarriage-related factors, interleukins those involved in abnormal immune reactions are notable [6]. Interleukins are a group of immunomodulatory proteins that mediate several immune reactions in human body
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