Abstract
BackgroundRhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is a major cause of visual loss in developed countries. Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), an eye-sight threatening complication of RRD surgery, resembles a wound-healing process with inflammation, scar tissue formation, and membrane contraction. This study was performed to determine the possible involvement of a wide range of cytokines in the future development of PVR, and to identify predictors of PVR and visual outcome.MethodologyA multiplex immunoassay was used for the simultaneous detection of 29 different cytokines in subretinal fluid samples from patients with primary RRD. Of 306 samples that were collected and stored in our BioBank between 2001 and 2008, 21 samples from patients who developed postoperative PVR were compared with 54 age-, sex-, and storage-time–matched RRD control patients who had an uncomplicated postoperative course during the overall follow-up period.FindingsLevels of IL-1α, IL-2, IL-3, IL-6, VEGF, and ICAM-1 were significantly higher (P<0.05) in patients who developed postoperative PVR after reattachment surgery than in patients with an uncomplicated postoperative course, whereas levels of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-7, IL-9, IL-10, IL-11, IL-12p70, IL-13, IL-15, IL-17, IL-18, IL-21, IL-22, IL-23, IL-25, IL-33, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IGF-1, bFGF, HGF, and NGF were not (P>0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that IL-3 (P = 0.001), IL-6 (P = 0.047), ICAM-1 (P = 0.010), and preoperative visual acuity (P = 0.026) were independent predictors of postoperative PVR. Linear regression analysis showed that ICAM-1 (P = 0.005) and preoperative logMAR visual acuity (P = 0.001) were predictive of final visual outcome after primary RRD repair.Conclusions/SignificanceOur findings indicate that after RRD onset an exaggerated response of certain cytokines may predispose to PVR. Sampling at a time close to the onset of primary RRD may thus provide clues as to which biological events may initiate the development of PVR and, most importantly, may provide a means for therapeutic control.
Highlights
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is an ophthalmologic emergency that occurs in approximately 12.6 cases per 100,000 persons per year [1]
Immunohistochemical studies have demonstrated the presence of fibroblast growth factor (FGF), insulin growth factor (IGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) membranes [3,4]
Twenty one patients with primary RRD who developed postoperative PVR within 2K months after the surgical procedure were compared with 54 patients with primary RRD who had an uncomplicated follow-up
Summary
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) is an ophthalmologic emergency that occurs in approximately 12.6 cases per 100,000 persons per year [1]. An increasingly number of retinal detachments is successfully repaired with a single procedure, proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is still the primary cause of failure of reattachment surgery [1] This eyesight threatening condition is characterized by the formation of cellular membranes on both sides of the retina that upon contraction may cause a redetachment with often a permanent drop in visual acuity. The development of these fibrotic membranes is reminiscent of the normal wound-healing response with inflammation, migration and proliferation of resident ocular cells and invading immune cells [2]. This study was performed to determine the possible involvement of a wide range of cytokines in the future development of PVR, and to identify predictors of PVR and visual outcome
Sign-in/Register to view highlights & summary Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a call
