Abstract
Hepatocellular carcinoma is a primary liver malignancy in which the risk of development is always multifunctional. Interleukin-6 is a proinflammatory and multifunctional cytokine, which plays an important role in the immune response, haematopoiesis and defence against viral infection. We aimed to evaluate the frequency of Interleukin-6 mutations (rs2069837 and rs17147230) associated with genetic risk of hepatocellular carcinoma in Khyber Pakthunkhwa population. A total of 72 hepatocellular carcinoma cases and 38 controls were included in this study. The genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral blood cells and Interleukin-6 genotyping was performed using T-ARMS-PCR technique. Our results show a significant increase risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma with the mutation within Interleukin-6 gene with heterozygous G allele (rs2069837) (OR = 10.667, 95%CI = 3.923–29.001, p = < 0.0001) and heterozygous T allele (rs17147230) (OR = 75.385, 95%CI = 9.797–580.065, p = < 0.0001). However, under recessive gene model the results were insignificant in case of Interleukin-6 rs2069837 (OR = 0.605, 95%CI = 0.217–1.689, p = 0.337), while significant in case of Interleukin-6 rs17147230 (OR = 0.298, 95%CI = 0.121–0.734, p = 0.0085). In conclusion, Interleukin-6 mutation is associated with hepatocellular carcinoma susceptibility. More related studies with other associated interleukins and their whole gene sequencing will be required.
Highlights
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer
Association of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at various ILs have shown positive influence on chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) leading to HCC development [8]
The odds ratios with corresponding 95% confidence intervals were used to assess association between genetic polymorphism in IL-6 and HCV leading to HCC
Summary
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer. In Pakistan, HCC represents the fourth most common malignancy in men and the seventh in woman [1]. Adnan et al Infectious Agents and Cancer (2020) 15:21 variable among the HCC patients, which are mostly associated with the race or ethnic groups and geographic region of the infected individuals. Majority of these risk factors progress to the development of cirrhosis, which is present in almost 80–90% of patients with HCC [7]. Association of SNPs at various ILs have shown positive influence on chronic HCV leading to HCC development [8]. Various ILs and their respective SNPs have shown positive association with HCV treatment and susceptibility, which leads to cirrhosis, fibrosis and HCC development. There is no straightforward evidence about the association of ILs and their respective SNPs with viral infections within ethnic groups of Khyber Pakthunkhwa (KP) population
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