Abstract
<b>Introduction:</b> Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammation of the nasal mucosa and paranasal sinuses that is present for more than 12 weeks. The pathogenesis of allergic CRS includes mucosal edema and causes sinus ostial obstruction, which. It leads to the infection of the paranasal sinuses. Interleukin- 5 (<i>IL-5</i>) is a cytokine and acts in eosinophil and basophil biology. It is the main effector unit of allergic reactions. </br></br> <b>Aim:</b> This study aimed to determine <i>IL-5</i> levels in allergic and nonallergic chronic rhinosinusitis patients. </br></br> <b>Material and methods:</b> A comparative analytic cross-sectional study was used. A total of 10 allergic chronic and 10 nonallergic chronic rhinosinusitis patients took part in this study. The real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) method was used to determine gene expression. Data were analyzed with SPSS. A p-value below 0.05 was considered statistically significant. </br></br> <b>Results:</b> <i>IL-5</i> gene expression in non-allergic chronic rhinosinusitis was higher than in allergic chronic rhinosinusitis. <i>IL-5</i> gene expression was not significant between chronic non-allergic and allergic chronic rhinosinusitis (p > 0.05). There was an elevated <i>IL-5</i> gene expression in non-allergic chronic rhinosinusitis, but it was not significant compared to chronic allergic rhinosinusitis.
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