Abstract

Daily injections of high dose human recombinant interleukin-1β (IL-1β) accelerated the onset of both insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and lymphocytic thyroiditis in genetically prone BB rats. In diabetes-resistant BB rats, high dose IL-1β failed to induce diabetes. Additionally, the presence of neutralizing IL-1β antibodies in these rats strongly correlated with inhibition of lymphocytic thyroiditis. Since low dose IL-1β protects diabetes-prone rats from IDDM, we conclude that IL-1β is a potent modulator of autoimmune diabetes and thyroid disease in genetically susceptible rats.

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