Abstract
We investigated interlayer exchange coupling (IEC) and interface magnetic anisotropy (Ki) between two ferromagnetic layers with crossed in-plane and perpendicular magnetic anisotropies separated by a non-magnetic spacer by using the anomalous Hall effect (AHE). The sample consisted of a Co0.75Fe2.25O4 layer with perpendicular magnetic anisotropy and a Fe layer with in-plane anisotropy, separated by a MgO layer with variable thickness. Since Co0.75Fe2.25O4 and MgO are insulators, the AHE signal only reflects the magnetization process of Fe. From this, we determined both IEC and Ki. A strong antiferromagnetic IEC was confirmed between Co0.75Fe2.25O4 and Fe. The strongest IEC of −1.1 mJ/m2 was observed for directly coupled Fe and Co0.75Fe2.25O4 for which Ki was −1.1 mJ/m2.
Highlights
Interlayer exchange coupling (IEC) between two ferromagnetic (FM) layers separated by a non-magnetic interlayer has been intensively studied both theoretically1–5 and experimentally.6–14 it is an important phenomenon that is exploited in modern spintronics.15–17 The origin of IEC lies in the difference of spin-polarized reflection at the FM interface, as found by modelling the system as a quantum well.4 If the insertion layer is metallic, the IEC oscillates between the ferromagnetic (FM) and the antiferromagnetic (AFM) coupling as a function of the interlayer thickness.6–8 On the other hand, if the insertion layer is insulating, the electron Fermi wavenumber is imaginary, and the IEC decays with the interlayer thickness.9,11–13 Trilayer systems comprising FM oxide layers such as Fe/MgO/Fe3O4,13,18 Fe/MgO/γ-Fe2O3,13 Fe3O4/TiN/Fe3O4,19 and La2/3Ba1/3MnO3/LaNiO3/La2/3Ba1/3MnO3,20 exhibit IEC
Since we can measure the magnetic hysteresis (MH) loop only in the Fe layer by anomalous Hall effect (AHE), J and Ki are scitation.org/journal/adv determined from the exchange field and the evolution of the MH loop of the Fe layer, respectively
By studying the IEC dependence on the interlayer MgO thickness, a strong AFM coupling was observed between Co0.75Fe2.25O4 and Fe
Summary
Interlayer exchange coupling (IEC) between two ferromagnetic (FM) layers separated by a non-magnetic interlayer has been intensively studied both theoretically and experimentally.. It is an important phenomenon that is exploited in modern spintronics.. The origin of IEC lies in the difference of spin-polarized reflection at the FM interface, as found by modelling the system as a quantum well.. If the insertion layer is metallic, the IEC oscillates between the ferromagnetic (FM) and the antiferromagnetic (AFM) coupling as a function of the interlayer thickness.. If the insertion layer is insulating, the electron Fermi wavenumber (kF) is imaginary, and the IEC decays with the interlayer thickness.. Trilayer systems comprising FM oxide layers such as Fe/MgO/Fe3O4,13,18 Fe/MgO/γ-Fe2O3,13 Fe3O4/TiN/Fe3O4,19 and La2/3Ba1/3MnO3/LaNiO3/La2/3Ba1/3MnO3,20 exhibit IEC
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