Abstract
Electric vehicles (EV) are considerably quieter than internal combustion engine (ICE) powered vehicles, because noise of ICE is eliminated. However, the interior noise of an EV usually contains significant high-frequency noise components caused by electrical motor, which can be subjectively perceived as annoying and unpleasant. This paper describes a numerical model to predict interior acoustic noise caused by electromagnetic forces in permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) for electric vehicles. Firstly, the principle of the multiphysics method is to establish a complete 3Dstructural finite element model (FEM) of motor. Based on FEM, natural frequency and modal shape were calculated by modal analysis. Secondly, using an electromagnetic finite element solver, the excitation due to electromagnetic phenomena is obtained. This excitation is then projected onto the structure mesh of motor in order to calculate the dynamic response. Thirdly, radiated electromagnetic vibration acceleration on the surface of the motor is calculated with modal superposition method. Compared with experimental test results, the creditability of motor electromagnetic vibration simulation is proved. Finally, by combining with transfer path analysis (TPA) techniques, interior electromagnetic noise of electric vehicles is accurately predicted. According to contribution analysis, motor surface zones and transfer paths contributing largely to the interior motor electromagnetic noise are identified. The results play a significant guiding role in both electric vehicle and permanent magnet synchronous motor for noise control and analysis.
Highlights
Electric vehicles (EV) are attractive because they emit no pollutants
Electric vehicles are almost always considerably quieter than those powered by internal combustion engines (ICE), the interior noise is characterized by high-frequency noise components which can be subjectively perceived as annoying and unpleasant [1]
The estimated transfer function of each path obtained through experiment and the vibration acceleration of each noise source at motor surface obtained by simulation were introduced into the transfer path analysis (TPA) module of LMS Test.Lab software to create hybrid test model for synthesis of each transfer path noise and calculation of interior motor electromagnetic noise
Summary
Electric vehicles (EV) are attractive because they emit no pollutants. electric vehicles are almost always considerably quieter than those powered by internal combustion engines (ICE), the interior noise is characterized by high-frequency noise components which can be subjectively perceived as annoying and unpleasant [1]. Shin et al applied this methodology to the analysis of the vibration characteristics of a permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) through investigation into its electromagnetic vibration sources [7]. Sunghyuk Park et al predicted acoustic noise due to electromagnetic forces in interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) for electric vehicles [8]. Different from the others, the key point of this paper is to predict interior motor electromagnetic noise of electric vehicle by transfer path analysis. Once the dynamic response of the motor has been validated, the interior motor electromagnetic noise is estimated through transfer path synthesis (TPS) This method played a significant guiding role in both electric vehicle and permanent magnet synchronous motor for sound quality design and analysis
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