Abstract
The grain boundary segregation of impurity elements such as oxygen, phosphorus, sulfur, etc. can cause intergranular fracture in iron at low temperatures. However, the information correlating the grain boundary strength directly to the amount of impurity segregation is very limited. Recently, the authors examined the effect of sulfur and hydrogen segregation on the grain boundary strength of iron and found that both elements significantly decreased the grain boundary strength of iron. It was found that the deleterious effects of sulfur and hydrogen on the grain boundary strength appeared to be additive in cases in which hydrogen produced either a reversible effect or a permanent effect. In the present study, the effect of sulfur segregation on grain boundary strength was separated from the permanent hydrogen effect by quenching the specimens from various temperatures in two different atmospheres, high purity argon and hydrogen. The nature of permanent hydrogen damage and the combined effect of sulfur segregation and permanent hydrogen damage were examined.
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