Abstract
Early detection of malignant transformation with expression biomarkers has significant potential to improve the survival rate of patients as such biomarkers enable prediction of progression and assess sensitivity to chemotherapy. The expression of interferon inducible transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1) has been associated with early invasion events in several carcinomas, including head and neck cancers, and hence has been proposed as a novel candidate biomarker. As the incidence of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is highest in the Indian population, we sought to investigate: 1) the expression pattern of IFITM1 in OSCC tissue samples obtained from Indian patients of Dravidian origin; and 2) the possibility of using IFITM1 expression as a potential biomarker. Total RNA extracted from thirty eight OSCC biopsy samples was subjected to semi-quantitative RT-PCR with IFITM1 and GAPDH specific primers. Of the thirty eight OSCC samples that were analyzed, IFITM1 overexpression was identified in fifteen (39%). Seven expressed a low level, while the remainder expressed high level of IFITM1. The overexpression of IFITM1 in OSCC samples indicates that IFITM1 may be explored for the possibility of use as a high confidence diagnostic biomarker in oral cancers. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that IFITM1 overexpression is being reported in Indian OSCC samples.
Highlights
Interferons (IFN) are multifunctional cytokines that are produced by host cells to contain microbial infections
Materials and Methods: Total RNA extracted from thirty eight oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) biopsy samples was subjected to semi-quantitative RT-PCR with IFN- inducible transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1) and GAPDH specific primers
In order to understand whether IFITM1 was overexpressed in OSCCs of Indian patients of Dravidian origin, we analyzed total RNA isolated from thirty eight histologically confirmed tumor biopsies by semiquantitative RT-PCR
Summary
Interferons (IFN) are multifunctional cytokines that are produced by host cells to contain microbial infections. The exact mechanism that triggers the expression of ISGs in tumor cells is not clear, several studies continue to identify candidate ISGs in diverse tumors (Andersen et al, 2006b; Bektas et al, 2008; Rajkumar et al, 2011) including oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues (Lang-Ming et al, 2009; Laljee et al, 2013). Several studies have shown association between higher expression of IFITM1 and progression of cancers of diverse tissues including head and neck cancer, serous ovarian cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, leukemia, lymphoma and cervical squamous cell carcinoma (Hatano et al, 2008; Cheon et al, 2014). The expression of interferon inducible transmembrane protein 1 (IFITM1) has been associated with early invasion events in several carcinomas, including head and neck cancers, and has been proposed as a novel candidate biomarker. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first time that IFITM1 overexpression is being reported in Indian OSCC samples
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