Interferon Gamma Induces the Increase of Cell-Surface Markers (CD80/86, CD83 and MHC-II) in Splenocytes From Atlantic Salmon.

Byron Morales-Lange,Javier Alcaíno,Carlos Soto,Fanny Guzmán,Sebastián Boltaña,Mónica Imarai,Felipe Ramírez-Cepeda,Valentina Wong-Benito,Paulina Schmitt,Leidy Lagos,Margareth Øverland,Derie Fuentes,Luis Mercado

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2021.666356

Abstract

Type II interferon gamma (IFNγ) is a pleiotropic cytokine capable of modulating the innate and adaptive immune responses which has been widely characterized in several teleost families. In fish, IFNγ stimulates the expression of cytokines and chemokines associated with the pro-inflammatory response and enhances the production of nitrogen and oxygen reactive species in phagocytic cells. This work studied the effect of IFNγ on the expression of cell-surface markers on splenocytes of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). In vitro results showed that subpopulations of mononuclear splenocytes cultured for 15 days were capable of increasing gene expression and protein availability of cell-surface markers such as CD80/86, CD83 and MHC II, after being stimulated with recombinant IFNγ. These results were observed for subpopulations with characteristics associated with monocytes (51%), and features that could be related to lymphocytes (46.3%). In addition, a decrease in the expression of zbtb46 was detected in IFNγ-stimulated splenocytes. Finally, the expression of IFNγ and cell-surface markers was assessed in Atlantic salmon under field conditions. In vivo results showed that the expression of ifnγ increased simultaneously with the up-regulation of cd80/86, cd83 and mhcii during a natural outbreak of Piscirickettsia salmonis. Overall, the results obtained in this study allow us to propose IFNγ as a candidate molecule to stimulate the phenotypic progression of a small population of immune cells, which will increase antigen presenting cells markers. Thereby, modulatory strategies using IFNγ may generate a robust and coordinated immune response in fish against pathogens that affect aquaculture.

Highlights

Interferon gamma (IFNg) is a soluble pleiotropic cytokine member of type II class of interferons [1]
The analysis of gene expression assessed by RT-Quantitative PCR (qPCR) showed a significantly increase of cell-surface markers cd80/86, mhcii and cd83 in splenocytes induced with Ss rIFNg for 15 days, compared to the control group without induction (P
To evaluate the effect of interferon gamma (IFNg) on mononuclear splenocytes after 15 days of culture, the detection of the three cell-surface markers was performed by Immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy (Figure 4A). These results showed a positive labeling of CD80/86 and Major Histocompatibility Complex class II (MHC II) in cells with a diameter close to 10 μm, from both IFNg-induced and control splenocytes

Summary

Introduction

Interferon gamma (IFNg) is a soluble pleiotropic cytokine member of type II class of interferons [1]. This molecule has been described in many groups of vertebrates, such as chondrichthyes, jawed fish, amphibians, birds and mammals, suggesting that IFNg appeared at least 450 million years ago, before the divergence between fish and tetrapods [2]. The stimulation of DCs with IFNg causes an increase in the transcriptional expression of CD40, CD80, CD86 and the secretion of IL-12, which can subsequently induce the activation of CD4+ and CD8+ T cells [4]. IFNg can positively regulate the expression of Major Histocompatibility Complex class II (MHC II) [3]

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Conclusion