Interferon beta-1b in Multiple Sclerosis

Abstract

Interferon beta-1b (interferon-γser-17) is a recombinant human fibroblast interferon which improves suppressor T cell function, reduces the production of interferon-γ, tumour necrosis factor-α and lymphotoxin, and enhances transforming growth factor-β production. These properties indicate interferon beta-1b may have a role in the treatment of multiple sclerosis. Subcutaneous interferon beta-1b 8 MIU (n = 124) every second day for 3 years significantly reduced the rate and severity of disease exacerbations, and reduced total disease burden (assessed by magnetic resonance imaging) compared with placebo (n = 123) in patients with relapsing/remitting multiple sclerosis. Interferon beta-1b 1.6 MIU (n = 125) in a comparable treatment regimen produced a lesser therapeutic effect. Adverse events were also dose-related, although both dosages were well tolerated. Injection site reactions and ‘flu-like’ symptoms were the most common adverse events but declined in incidence after 3 months’ therapy. Thus, prophylactic interferon beta-1b appears to slow the development of multiple sclerosis in patients with relapsing/remitting disease, although the long term effects on disease course remain unknown. Evaluation of its use in patients with a progressive disease component is awaited with interest.