Abstract
Objectives: Some investigations suggested common Portland cement (PC) as a substitute material for MTA for endodontic use; both MTA and PC have a similar composition. The aim of this study was to determine the surface roughness of common PC before and after the exposition to different endodontic irrigating solutions: 10% and 20% citric acid, 17% ethylenediaminetetraacetic (EDTA) and 5% sodium hypochlorite. Study Design: Fifty PC samples in the form of cubes were prepared. PC was mixed with distilled water (powder/liquid ratio 3:1 by weight). The samples were immersed for one minute in 10% and 20% citric acid, 17% EDTA and 5% sodium hypochlorite. After gold coating, PC samples were examined using the New View 100 Zygo interferometric microscope. It was used to examine and register the surface roughness and the profile of two different areas of each sample. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was carried out, and as the requirements were not met, use was made of the Kruskal-Wallis test for analysis of the results obtained, followed by contrasts using Tukey’s contrast tests. Results: Sodium hypochlorite at a concentration of 5% significantly reduced the surface roughness of PC, while 20% citric acid significantly increased surface roughness. The other evaluated citric acid concentration (10%) slightly increased the surface roughness of PC, though statistical significance was not reached. EDTA at a concentration of 17% failed to modify PC surface roughness. Irrigation with 5% sodium hypochlorite and 20% citric acid lowered and raised the roughness values, respectively. Conclusions: The surface texture of PC is modified as the result of treatment with different irrigating solutions commonly used in endodontics, depending on their chemical composition and concentration. Key words:MTA, Portland cement, citric acid, ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid, sodium hypochlorite, surface roughness.
Highlights
The surface texture of Portland cement (PC) is modified as the result of treatment with different irrigating solutions commonly used in endodontics, depending on their chemical composition and concentration
Several studies have compared mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) with Portland cement and the findings suggest that both show almost identical macroscopically, microscopically, and by X-ray diffraction analysis [1]
X-ray diffraction analysis demonstrated that MTA was composed of tricalcium silicate and bismuth oxide, while gray MTA (GMTA) was found to be composed of tricalcium silicate, dicalcium silicate and bismuth oxide
Summary
Several studies have compared mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) with Portland cement and the findings suggest that both show almost identical macroscopically, microscopically, and by X-ray diffraction analysis [1]. Other study affirms that Portland cements contain the same chemical elements as MTA [2,3] This suggests that Portland cement has the potential to be used as a less expensive root-end-filling material in dental practice [4]. Irrigating solutions used in endodontics, such as ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) and citric acid, designed to eliminate the smear layer, are sufficiently aggressive to demineralize intra-radicular dentin [8,9,10]. These irrigants generate a sufficiently acid environment (pH=2) to cause serious deterioration of Portland cement [11]. During endodontic therapy various irrigating solutions at different concentrations and duration are used
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