Abstract
The interferometric signal processing method for localizing a broadband moving sound source in shallow water is proposed and studied theoretically and experimentally in the paper. The field of a moving sound source creates in waveguide a stable interference pattern of the intensity distribution (interferogram) in the frequency-time domain. Sound intensity is accumulated along interference fringes over the observation time. The two-dimensional Fourier transform (2D-FT) is applied to analyze the interferogram. The result of the 2D-FT of the interferogram is called the Fourier-hologram (hologram). The mathematical theory of hologram structure is developed in the present paper. It is shown that the hologram allows to coherently accumulate the sound intensity of the interferogram in a relatively small area as focal spots. The presence of these focal spots is the result of interference of acoustic modes with different numbers. The main result of our paper is a simple relationship between the focal spots coordinates on the hologram and the source range, velocity, and motion direction. The proposed interferometric signals processing method for the source localization is validated using the data of acoustic experiment and numerical modeling. [This research was supported by the RFBR (19-29-06075, 19-38-90326).]
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