Abstract
Polysaccharides, which exert immunoregulatory effects, are becoming more and more popular as food supplements; however, certain components of ordinary foods could be reducing the polysaccharides beneficial effects. Quercetin, a flavonoid found in common fruits and vegetables, is one such component. This study investigated the effects of quercetin on Astragalus polysaccharide RAP induced-macrophage activation. The results show quercetin decreases the NO production and iNOS gene expression in RAW264.7 cells, and it inhibits the production of cytokines in RAW264.7 cells and peritoneal macrophages. Western blot analysis results suggest that quercetin inhibits the phosphorylation of Akt/mTORC1, MAPKs, and TBK1, but has no effect on NF-κB in RAP-induced RAW264.7 cells. Taken together, the results show that quercetin partly inhibits macrophage activation by the Astragalus polysaccharide RAP. This study demonstrates that quercetin-containing foods may interfere with the immune-enhancing effects of Astragalus polysaccharide RAP to a certain extent.
Highlights
Many vegetables and fruits that contain flavonoids with anti-inflammatory properties are consumed daily [1,2,3]
We demonstrated that RAP exerted exerted its immunoenhancing effects on macrophage via the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4 receptor)
The results demonstrate that quercetin inhibits quercetin inhibits macrophage activation by the Astragalus polysaccharide RAP, it has a similar effect macrophage activation by the Astragalus polysaccharide RAP, it has a similar effect with the inhibitory with the inhibitory effect in LPS induced macrophage activation
Summary
Many vegetables and fruits that contain flavonoids with anti-inflammatory properties are consumed daily [1,2,3]. It has been reported that quercetin exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by suppressing the activation of ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAP kinase), and NF-κB signal transduction pathways; it does not suppress the activation of JNK kinase [11]. We demonstrated that RAP exerted exerted its immunoenhancing effects on macrophage via the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4 receptor). The Astragalus polysaccharide RAP can enhance immune system activity, quercetin. The Astragalus polysaccharide RAP can enhance immune system activity, quercetin can exert immunosuppressive effects. The question arises as to whether eating foods with quercetin can compromise the effects of Astragalus polysaccharides at the same time. We investigated whether quercetin inhibits Astragalus polysaccharide RAP-induced activity in macrophage cells. This study provides inhibits Astragalus polysaccharide RAP-induced activity in macrophage cells. People who want to derive the most benefit from Astragalus polysaccharide supplements
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