Abstract
CR and PU hidden terminals in multi-channel Cognitive MAC protocols result in increased packet drops. This is due to inefficient node synchronization with existing “Control Channel” design. To date, In-band and Out-of-band CCC based MAC protocols are proposed to avoid PU and CR hidden terminals. But
Highlights
Natural available spatial spectrum is scarce and cost effective
The throughput and link delays are compared with traditional IEEE 802.11 Distributed Co-ordination Function (DCF) and existing In-band and out-of-band common control channel (CCC) based Cognitive MAC protocols
As shown in Figure.10(a), the proposed hybrid CCC based cognitive MAC with directional antennas has enhanced aggregate throughput when compared with other existing solutions. This is because of tight node synchronization and reduced hidden terminal packet drops with hybrid control channel
Summary
In order to efficiently utilize the available frequency bands, it is significant to change the current static spectrum allocation and its management policies. To deploy cognitive radio in real networks, it is important to enhance the existing TCP/IP protocol stack to support dynamic spectrum access, spectrum mobility and SDR functionalities. Spectrum mobility due to dynamic PU active, node handover and channel degradation is important to enhance the performance of cognitive radio networks. Stateof-the-art research doesn’t explore much on MAC level interference management where minimizing packet drops due to edge PU and CR hidden terminals are significant for both primary and secondary networks [5]. Section. briefly explains about the current existing works on In-band and out-of-band CCC-CR-MAC protocols with clear advantages and disadvantages.
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